757 lines
23 KiB
Python
757 lines
23 KiB
Python
"""
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websocket - WebSocket client library for Python
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Copyright (C) 2010 Hiroki Ohtani(liris)
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This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
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License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
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version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
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Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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"""
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import socket
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from urlparse import urlparse
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import os
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import struct
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import uuid
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import hashlib
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import base64
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import logging
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"""
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websocket python client.
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=========================
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This version support only hybi-13.
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Please see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455 for protocol.
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"""
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# websocket supported version.
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VERSION = 13
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# closing frame status codes.
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STATUS_NORMAL = 1000
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STATUS_GOING_AWAY = 1001
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STATUS_PROTOCOL_ERROR = 1002
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STATUS_UNSUPPORTED_DATA_TYPE = 1003
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STATUS_STATUS_NOT_AVAILABLE = 1005
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STATUS_ABNORMAL_CLOSED = 1006
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STATUS_INVALID_PAYLOAD = 1007
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STATUS_POLICY_VIOLATION = 1008
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STATUS_MESSAGE_TOO_BIG = 1009
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STATUS_INVALID_EXTENSION = 1010
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STATUS_UNEXPECTED_CONDITION = 1011
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STATUS_TLS_HANDSHAKE_ERROR = 1015
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logger = logging.getLogger()
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class WebSocketException(Exception):
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"""
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websocket exeception class.
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"""
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pass
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class WebSocketConnectionClosedException(WebSocketException):
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"""
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If remote host closed the connection or some network error happened,
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this exception will be raised.
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"""
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pass
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default_timeout = None
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traceEnabled = False
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def enableTrace(tracable):
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"""
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turn on/off the tracability.
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tracable: boolean value. if set True, tracability is enabled.
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"""
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global traceEnabled
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traceEnabled = tracable
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if tracable:
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if not logger.handlers:
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logger.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler())
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logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
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def setdefaulttimeout(timeout):
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"""
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Set the global timeout setting to connect.
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timeout: default socket timeout time. This value is second.
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"""
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global default_timeout
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default_timeout = timeout
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def getdefaulttimeout():
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"""
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Return the global timeout setting(second) to connect.
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"""
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return default_timeout
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def _parse_url(url):
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"""
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parse url and the result is tuple of
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(hostname, port, resource path and the flag of secure mode)
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url: url string.
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"""
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if ":" not in url:
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raise ValueError("url is invalid")
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scheme, url = url.split(":", 1)
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parsed = urlparse(url, scheme="http")
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if parsed.hostname:
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hostname = parsed.hostname
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else:
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raise ValueError("hostname is invalid")
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port = 0
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if parsed.port:
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port = parsed.port
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is_secure = False
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if scheme == "ws":
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if not port:
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port = 80
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elif scheme == "wss":
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is_secure = True
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if not port:
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port = 443
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else:
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raise ValueError("scheme %s is invalid" % scheme)
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if parsed.path:
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resource = parsed.path
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else:
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resource = "/"
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if parsed.query:
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resource += "?" + parsed.query
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return (hostname, port, resource, is_secure)
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def create_connection(url, timeout=None, **options):
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"""
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connect to url and return websocket object.
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Connect to url and return the WebSocket object.
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Passing optional timeout parameter will set the timeout on the socket.
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If no timeout is supplied, the global default timeout setting returned by getdefauttimeout() is used.
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You can customize using 'options'.
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If you set "header" dict object, you can set your own custom header.
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>>> conn = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.org/",
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... header={"User-Agent: MyProgram",
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... "x-custom: header"})
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timeout: socket timeout time. This value is integer.
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if you set None for this value, it means "use default_timeout value"
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options: current support option is only "header".
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if you set header as dict value, the custom HTTP headers are added.
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"""
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websock = WebSocket()
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websock.settimeout(timeout != None and timeout or default_timeout)
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websock.connect(url, **options)
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return websock
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_MAX_INTEGER = (1 << 32) -1
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_AVAILABLE_KEY_CHARS = range(0x21, 0x2f + 1) + range(0x3a, 0x7e + 1)
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_MAX_CHAR_BYTE = (1<<8) -1
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# ref. Websocket gets an update, and it breaks stuff.
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# http://axod.blogspot.com/2010/06/websocket-gets-update-and-it-breaks.html
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def _create_sec_websocket_key():
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uid = uuid.uuid4()
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return base64.encodestring(uid.bytes).strip()
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_HEADERS_TO_CHECK = {
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"upgrade": "websocket",
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"connection": "upgrade",
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}
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class _SSLSocketWrapper(object):
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def __init__(self, sock):
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self.ssl = socket.ssl(sock)
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def recv(self, bufsize):
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return self.ssl.read(bufsize)
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def send(self, payload):
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return self.ssl.write(payload)
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_BOOL_VALUES = (0, 1)
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def _is_bool(*values):
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for v in values:
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if v not in _BOOL_VALUES:
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return False
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return True
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class ABNF(object):
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"""
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ABNF frame class.
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see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234
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and http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-5.2
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"""
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# operation code values.
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OPCODE_TEXT = 0x1
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OPCODE_BINARY = 0x2
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OPCODE_CLOSE = 0x8
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OPCODE_PING = 0x9
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OPCODE_PONG = 0xa
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# available operation code value tuple
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OPCODES = (OPCODE_TEXT, OPCODE_BINARY, OPCODE_CLOSE,
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OPCODE_PING, OPCODE_PONG)
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# opcode human readable string
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OPCODE_MAP = {
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OPCODE_TEXT: "text",
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OPCODE_BINARY: "binary",
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OPCODE_CLOSE: "close",
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OPCODE_PING: "ping",
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OPCODE_PONG: "pong"
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}
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# data length threashold.
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LENGTH_7 = 0x7d
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LENGTH_16 = 1 << 16
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LENGTH_63 = 1 << 63
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def __init__(self, fin = 0, rsv1 = 0, rsv2 = 0, rsv3 = 0,
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opcode = OPCODE_TEXT, mask = 1, data = ""):
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"""
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Constructor for ABNF.
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please check RFC for arguments.
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"""
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self.fin = fin
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self.rsv1 = rsv1
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self.rsv2 = rsv2
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self.rsv3 = rsv3
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self.opcode = opcode
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self.mask = mask
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self.data = data
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self.get_mask_key = os.urandom
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@staticmethod
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def create_frame(data, opcode):
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"""
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create frame to send text, binary and other data.
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data: data to send. This is string value(byte array).
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if opcode is OPCODE_TEXT and this value is uniocde,
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data value is conveted into unicode string, automatically.
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opcode: operation code. please see OPCODE_XXX.
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"""
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if opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT and isinstance(data, unicode):
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data = data.encode("utf-8")
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# mask must be set if send data from client
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return ABNF(1, 0, 0, 0, opcode, 1, data)
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def format(self):
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"""
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format this object to string(byte array) to send data to server.
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"""
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if not _is_bool(self.fin, self.rsv1, self.rsv2, self.rsv3):
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raise ValueError("not 0 or 1")
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if self.opcode not in ABNF.OPCODES:
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raise ValueError("Invalid OPCODE")
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length = len(self.data)
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if length >= ABNF.LENGTH_63:
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raise ValueError("data is too long")
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frame_header = chr(self.fin << 7
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| self.rsv1 << 6 | self.rsv2 << 5 | self.rsv3 << 4
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| self.opcode)
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if length < ABNF.LENGTH_7:
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frame_header += chr(self.mask << 7 | length)
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elif length < ABNF.LENGTH_16:
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frame_header += chr(self.mask << 7 | 0x7e)
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frame_header += struct.pack("!H", length)
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else:
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frame_header += chr(self.mask << 7 | 0x7f)
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frame_header += struct.pack("!Q", length)
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if not self.mask:
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return frame_header + self.data
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else:
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mask_key = self.get_mask_key(4)
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return frame_header + self._get_masked(mask_key)
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def _get_masked(self, mask_key):
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s = ABNF.mask(mask_key, self.data)
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return mask_key + "".join(s)
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@staticmethod
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def mask(mask_key, data):
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"""
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mask or unmask data. Just do xor for each byte
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mask_key: 4 byte string(byte).
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data: data to mask/unmask.
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"""
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_m = map(ord, mask_key)
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_d = map(ord, data)
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for i in range(len(_d)):
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_d[i] ^= _m[i % 4]
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s = map(chr, _d)
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return "".join(s)
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class WebSocket(object):
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"""
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Low level WebSocket interface.
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This class is based on
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The WebSocket protocol draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76
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http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76
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We can connect to the websocket server and send/recieve data.
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The following example is a echo client.
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>>> import websocket
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>>> ws = websocket.WebSocket()
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>>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.org")
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>>> ws.send("Hello, Server")
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>>> ws.recv()
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'Hello, Server'
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>>> ws.close()
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get_mask_key: a callable to produce new mask keys, see the set_mask_key
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function's docstring for more details
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"""
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def __init__(self, get_mask_key = None):
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"""
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Initalize WebSocket object.
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"""
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self.connected = False
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self.io_sock = self.sock = socket.socket()
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self.get_mask_key = get_mask_key
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def set_mask_key(self, func):
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"""
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set function to create musk key. You can custumize mask key generator.
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Mainly, this is for testing purpose.
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func: callable object. the fuct must 1 argument as integer.
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The argument means length of mask key.
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This func must be return string(byte array),
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which length is argument specified.
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"""
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self.get_mask_key = func
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def settimeout(self, timeout):
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"""
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Set the timeout to the websocket.
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timeout: timeout time(second).
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"""
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self.sock.settimeout(timeout)
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def gettimeout(self):
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"""
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Get the websocket timeout(second).
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"""
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return self.sock.gettimeout()
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def connect(self, url, **options):
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"""
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Connect to url. url is websocket url scheme. ie. ws://host:port/resource
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You can customize using 'options'.
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If you set "header" dict object, you can set your own custom header.
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>>> ws = WebSocket()
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>>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.org/",
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... header={"User-Agent: MyProgram",
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... "x-custom: header"})
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timeout: socket timeout time. This value is integer.
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if you set None for this value,
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it means "use default_timeout value"
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options: current support option is only "header".
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if you set header as dict value,
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the custom HTTP headers are added.
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"""
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hostname, port, resource, is_secure = _parse_url(url)
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# TODO: we need to support proxy
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self.sock.connect((hostname, port))
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if is_secure:
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self.io_sock = _SSLSocketWrapper(self.sock)
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self._handshake(hostname, port, resource, **options)
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def _handshake(self, host, port, resource, **options):
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sock = self.io_sock
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headers = []
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headers.append("GET %s HTTP/1.1" % resource)
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headers.append("Upgrade: websocket")
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headers.append("Connection: Upgrade")
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if port == 80:
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hostport = host
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else:
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hostport = "%s:%d" % (host, port)
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headers.append("Host: %s" % hostport)
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headers.append("Origin: %s" % hostport)
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key = _create_sec_websocket_key()
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headers.append("Sec-WebSocket-Key: %s" % key)
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headers.append("Sec-WebSocket-Version: %s" % VERSION)
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if "header" in options:
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headers.extend(options["header"])
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headers.append("")
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headers.append("")
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header_str = "\r\n".join(headers)
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sock.send(header_str)
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if traceEnabled:
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logger.debug( "--- request header ---")
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logger.debug( header_str)
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logger.debug("-----------------------")
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status, resp_headers = self._read_headers()
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if status != 101:
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self.close()
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raise WebSocketException("Handshake Status %d" % status)
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success = self._validate_header(resp_headers, key)
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if not success:
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self.close()
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raise WebSocketException("Invalid WebSocket Header")
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self.connected = True
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def _validate_header(self, headers, key):
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for k, v in _HEADERS_TO_CHECK.iteritems():
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r = headers.get(k, None)
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if not r:
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return False
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r = r.lower()
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if v != r:
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return False
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result = headers.get("sec-websocket-accept", None)
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if not result:
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return False
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result = result.lower()
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value = key + "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"
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hashed = base64.encodestring(hashlib.sha1(value).digest()).strip().lower()
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return hashed == result
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def _read_headers(self):
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status = None
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headers = {}
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if traceEnabled:
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logger.debug("--- response header ---")
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while True:
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line = self._recv_line()
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if line == "\r\n":
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break
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line = line.strip()
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if traceEnabled:
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logger.debug(line)
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if not status:
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status_info = line.split(" ", 2)
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status = int(status_info[1])
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else:
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kv = line.split(":", 1)
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if len(kv) == 2:
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key, value = kv
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headers[key.lower()] = value.strip().lower()
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else:
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raise WebSocketException("Invalid header")
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if traceEnabled:
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logger.debug("-----------------------")
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return status, headers
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def send(self, payload, opcode = ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT):
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"""
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Send the data as string.
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payload: Payload must be utf-8 string or unicoce,
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if the opcode is OPCODE_TEXT.
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Otherwise, it must be string(byte array)
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opcode: operation code to send. Please see OPCODE_XXX.
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"""
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frame = ABNF.create_frame(payload, opcode)
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if self.get_mask_key:
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frame.get_mask_key = self.get_mask_key
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data = frame.format()
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self.io_sock.send(data)
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if traceEnabled:
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logger.debug("send: " + repr(data))
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def ping(self, payload = ""):
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"""
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send ping data.
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payload: data payload to send server.
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"""
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self.send(payload, ABNF.OPCODE_PING)
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def pong(self, payload):
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"""
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send pong data.
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payload: data payload to send server.
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"""
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self.send(payload, ABNF.OPCODE_PONG)
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def recv(self):
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"""
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Receive string data(byte array) from the server.
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return value: string(byte array) value.
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"""
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opcode, data = self.recv_data()
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return data
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def recv_data(self):
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"""
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Recieve data with operation code.
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return value: tuple of operation code and string(byte array) value.
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"""
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while True:
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frame = self.recv_frame()
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if not frame:
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# handle error:
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# 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'opcode'
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raise WebSocketException("Not a valid frame %s" % frame)
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elif frame.opcode in (ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT, ABNF.OPCODE_BINARY):
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return (frame.opcode, frame.data)
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elif frame.opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE:
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self.send_close()
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return (frame.opcode, None)
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elif frame.opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_PING:
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self.pong("Hi!")
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def recv_frame(self):
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"""
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recieve data as frame from server.
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return value: ABNF frame object.
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"""
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header_bytes = self._recv(2)
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if not header_bytes:
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return None
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b1 = ord(header_bytes[0])
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|
fin = b1 >> 7 & 1
|
|
rsv1 = b1 >> 6 & 1
|
|
rsv2 = b1 >> 5 & 1
|
|
rsv3 = b1 >> 4 & 1
|
|
opcode = b1 & 0xf
|
|
b2 = ord(header_bytes[1])
|
|
mask = b2 >> 7 & 1
|
|
length = b2 & 0x7f
|
|
|
|
length_data = ""
|
|
if length == 0x7e:
|
|
length_data = self._recv(2)
|
|
length = struct.unpack("!H", length_data)[0]
|
|
elif length == 0x7f:
|
|
length_data = self._recv(8)
|
|
length = struct.unpack("!Q", length_data)[0]
|
|
|
|
mask_key = ""
|
|
if mask:
|
|
mask_key = self._recv(4)
|
|
data = self._recv_strict(length)
|
|
if traceEnabled:
|
|
recieved = header_bytes + length_data + mask_key + data
|
|
logger.debug("recv: " + repr(recieved))
|
|
|
|
if mask:
|
|
data = ABNF.mask(mask_key, data)
|
|
|
|
frame = ABNF(fin, rsv1, rsv2, rsv3, opcode, mask, data)
|
|
return frame
|
|
|
|
def send_close(self, status = STATUS_NORMAL, reason = ""):
|
|
"""
|
|
send close data to the server.
|
|
|
|
status: status code to send. see STATUS_XXX.
|
|
|
|
reason: the reason to close. This must be string.
|
|
"""
|
|
if status < 0 or status >= ABNF.LENGTH_16:
|
|
raise ValueError("code is invalid range")
|
|
self.send(struct.pack('!H', status) + reason, ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def close(self, status = STATUS_NORMAL, reason = ""):
|
|
"""
|
|
Close Websocket object
|
|
|
|
status: status code to send. see STATUS_XXX.
|
|
|
|
reason: the reason to close. This must be string.
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.connected:
|
|
if status < 0 or status >= ABNF.LENGTH_16:
|
|
raise ValueError("code is invalid range")
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
self.send(struct.pack('!H', status) + reason, ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE)
|
|
timeout = self.sock.gettimeout()
|
|
self.sock.settimeout(3)
|
|
try:
|
|
frame = self.recv_frame()
|
|
if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
|
|
logger.error("close status: " + repr(frame.data))
|
|
except:
|
|
pass
|
|
self.sock.settimeout(timeout)
|
|
self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
|
|
except:
|
|
pass
|
|
self._closeInternal()
|
|
|
|
def _closeInternal(self):
|
|
self.connected = False
|
|
self.sock.close()
|
|
self.io_sock = self.sock
|
|
|
|
def _recv(self, bufsize):
|
|
bytes = self.io_sock.recv(bufsize)
|
|
if bytes == 0:
|
|
raise WebSocketConnectionClosedException()
|
|
return bytes
|
|
|
|
def _recv_strict(self, bufsize):
|
|
remaining = bufsize
|
|
bytes = ""
|
|
while remaining:
|
|
bytes += self._recv(remaining)
|
|
remaining = bufsize - len(bytes)
|
|
|
|
return bytes
|
|
|
|
def _recv_line(self):
|
|
line = []
|
|
while True:
|
|
c = self._recv(1)
|
|
line.append(c)
|
|
if c == "\n":
|
|
break
|
|
return "".join(line)
|
|
|
|
class WebSocketApp(object):
|
|
"""
|
|
Higher level of APIs are provided.
|
|
The interface is like JavaScript WebSocket object.
|
|
"""
|
|
def __init__(self, url,
|
|
on_open = None, on_message = None, on_error = None,
|
|
on_close = None, keep_running = True, get_mask_key = None):
|
|
"""
|
|
url: websocket url.
|
|
on_open: callable object which is called at opening websocket.
|
|
this function has one argument. The arugment is this class object.
|
|
on_message: callbale object which is called when recieved data.
|
|
on_message has 2 arguments.
|
|
The 1st arugment is this class object.
|
|
The passing 2nd arugment is utf-8 string which we get from the server.
|
|
on_error: callable object which is called when we get error.
|
|
on_error has 2 arguments.
|
|
The 1st arugment is this class object.
|
|
The passing 2nd arugment is exception object.
|
|
on_close: callable object which is called when closed the connection.
|
|
this function has one argument. The arugment is this class object.
|
|
keep_running: a boolean flag indicating whether the app's main loop should
|
|
keep running, defaults to True
|
|
get_mask_key: a callable to produce new mask keys, see the WebSocket.set_mask_key's
|
|
docstring for more information
|
|
"""
|
|
self.url = url
|
|
self.on_open = on_open
|
|
self.on_message = on_message
|
|
self.on_error = on_error
|
|
self.on_close = on_close
|
|
self.keep_running = keep_running
|
|
self.get_mask_key = get_mask_key
|
|
self.sock = None
|
|
|
|
def send(self, data):
|
|
"""
|
|
send message. data must be utf-8 string or unicode.
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.sock.send(data) == 0:
|
|
raise WebSocketConnectionClosedException()
|
|
|
|
def close(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
close websocket connection.
|
|
"""
|
|
self.keep_running = False
|
|
self.sock.close()
|
|
|
|
def run_forever(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
run event loop for WebSocket framework.
|
|
This loop is infinite loop and is alive during websocket is available.
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.sock:
|
|
raise WebSocketException("socket is already opened")
|
|
try:
|
|
self.sock = WebSocket(self.get_mask_key)
|
|
self.sock.connect(self.url)
|
|
self._run_with_no_err(self.on_open)
|
|
while self.keep_running:
|
|
data = self.sock.recv()
|
|
if data is None:
|
|
break
|
|
self._run_with_no_err(self.on_message, data)
|
|
except Exception, e:
|
|
self._run_with_no_err(self.on_error, e)
|
|
finally:
|
|
self.sock.close()
|
|
self._run_with_no_err(self.on_close)
|
|
self.sock = None
|
|
|
|
def _run_with_no_err(self, callback, *args):
|
|
if callback:
|
|
try:
|
|
callback(self, *args)
|
|
except Exception, e:
|
|
if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
|
|
logger.error(e)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
enableTrace(True)
|
|
ws = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.org/")
|
|
print "Sending 'Hello, World'..."
|
|
ws.send("Hello, World")
|
|
print "Sent"
|
|
print "Receiving..."
|
|
result = ws.recv()
|
|
print "Received '%s'" % result
|
|
ws.close()
|