shaka-packager/packager/media/formats/webvtt/webvtt_parser.cc

// Copyright 2017 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd

#include "packager/media/formats/webvtt/webvtt_parser.h"

#include "packager/base/logging.h"
#include "packager/base/strings/string_split.h"
#include "packager/base/strings/string_util.h"
#include "packager/media/base/text_sample.h"
#include "packager/media/base/text_stream_info.h"
#include "packager/media/formats/webvtt/webvtt_utils.h"

namespace shaka {
namespace media {
namespace {

const uint64_t kStreamIndex = 0;

std::string BlockToString(const std::string* block, size_t size) {
  std::string out = " --- BLOCK START ---\n";

  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    out.append("    ");
    out.append(block[i]);
    out.append("\n");
  }

  out.append(" --- BLOCK END ---");

  return out;
}

// Comments are just blocks that are preceded by a blank line, start with the
// word "NOTE" (followed by a space or newline), and end at the first blank
// line.
// SOURCE: https://www.w3.org/TR/webvtt1
bool IsLikelyNote(const std::string& line) {
  return line == "NOTE" ||
         base::StartsWith(line, "NOTE ", base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE) ||
         base::StartsWith(line, "NOTE\t", base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE);
}

// As cue time is the only part of a WEBVTT file that is allowed to have
// "-->" appear, then if the given line contains it, we can safely assume
// that the line is likely to be a cue time.
bool IsLikelyCueTiming(const std::string& line) {
  return line.find("-->") != std::string::npos;
}

// A WebVTT cue identifier is any sequence of one or more characters not
// containing the substring "-->" (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
// U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN), nor containing any U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
// characters or U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters.
// SOURCE: https://www.w3.org/TR/webvtt1/#webvtt-cue-identifier
bool MaybeCueId(const std::string& line) {
  return line.find("-->") == std::string::npos;
}

// Check to see if the block is likely a style block. Style blocks are
// identified as any block that starts with a line that only contains
// "STYLE".
// SOURCE: https://w3c.github.io/webvtt/#styling
bool IsLikelyStyle(const std::string& line) {
  return base::TrimWhitespaceASCII(line, base::TRIM_TRAILING) == "STYLE";
}

// Check to see if the block is likely a region block. Region blocks are
// identified as any block that starts with a line that only contains
// "REGION".
// SOURCE: https://w3c.github.io/webvtt/#webvtt-region
bool IsLikelyRegion(const std::string& line) {
  return base::TrimWhitespaceASCII(line, base::TRIM_TRAILING) == "REGION";
}

void UpdateConfig(const std::vector<std::string>& block, std::string* config) {
  if (!config->empty())
    *config += "\n\n";
  *config += base::JoinString(block, "\n");
}

}  // namespace

WebVttParser::WebVttParser() {}

void WebVttParser::Init(const InitCB& init_cb,
                        const NewMediaSampleCB& new_media_sample_cb,
                        const NewTextSampleCB& new_text_sample_cb,
                        KeySource* decryption_key_source) {
  DCHECK(init_cb_.is_null());
  DCHECK(!init_cb.is_null());
  DCHECK(!new_text_sample_cb.is_null());
  DCHECK(!decryption_key_source) << "Encrypted WebVTT not supported";

  init_cb_ = init_cb;
  new_text_sample_cb_ = new_text_sample_cb;
}

bool WebVttParser::Flush() {
  reader_.Flush();
  return Parse();
}

bool WebVttParser::Parse(const uint8_t* buf, int size) {
  reader_.PushData(buf, size);
  return Parse();
}

bool WebVttParser::Parse() {
  if (!initialized_) {
    std::vector<std::string> block;
    if (!reader_.Next(&block)) {
      return true;
    }

    // Check the header. It is possible for a 0xFEFF BOM to come before the
    // header text.
    if (block.size() != 1) {
      LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read WEBVTT header - "
                 << "block size should be 1 but was " << block.size() << ".";
      return false;
    }
    if (block[0] != "WEBVTT" && block[0] != "\xEF\xBB\xBFWEBVTT") {
      LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read WEBVTT header - should be WEBVTT but was "
                 << block[0];
      return false;
    }
    initialized_ = true;
  }

  std::vector<std::string> block;
  while (reader_.Next(&block)) {
    if (!ParseBlock(block))
      return false;
  }
  return true;
}

bool WebVttParser::ParseBlock(const std::vector<std::string>& block) {
  // NOTE
  if (IsLikelyNote(block[0])) {
    // We can safely ignore the whole block.
    return true;
  }

  // STYLE
  if (IsLikelyStyle(block[0])) {
    if (saw_cue_) {
      LOG(WARNING)
          << "Found style block after seeing cue. Ignoring style block";
    } else {
      UpdateConfig(block, &style_region_config_);
    }
    return true;
  }

  // REGION
  if (IsLikelyRegion(block[0])) {
    if (saw_cue_) {
      LOG(WARNING)
          << "Found region block after seeing cue. Ignoring region block";
    } else {
      UpdateConfig(block, &style_region_config_);
    }
    return true;
  }

  // CUE with ID
  if (block.size() >= 2 && MaybeCueId(block[0]) &&
      IsLikelyCueTiming(block[1]) && ParseCueWithId(block)) {
    saw_cue_ = true;
    return true;
  }

  // CUE with no ID
  if (IsLikelyCueTiming(block[0]) && ParseCueWithNoId(block)) {
    saw_cue_ = true;
    return true;
  }

  LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to determine block classification:\n"
             << BlockToString(block.data(), block.size());
  return false;
}

bool WebVttParser::ParseCueWithNoId(const std::vector<std::string>& block) {
  return ParseCue("", block.data(), block.size());
}

bool WebVttParser::ParseCueWithId(const std::vector<std::string>& block) {
  return ParseCue(block[0], block.data() + 1, block.size() - 1);
}

bool WebVttParser::ParseCue(const std::string& id,
                            const std::string* block,
                            size_t block_size) {
  const std::vector<std::string> time_and_style = base::SplitString(
      block[0], " ", base::TRIM_WHITESPACE, base::SPLIT_WANT_NONEMPTY);

  uint64_t start_time = 0;
  uint64_t end_time = 0;

  const bool parsed_time =
      time_and_style.size() >= 3 && time_and_style[1] == "-->" &&
      WebVttTimestampToMs(time_and_style[0], &start_time) &&
      WebVttTimestampToMs(time_and_style[2], &end_time);

  if (!parsed_time) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not parse start time, -->, and end time from "
               << block[0];
    return false;
  }

  if (!stream_info_dispatched_)
    DispatchTextStreamInfo();

  // According to the WebVTT spec end time must be greater than the start time
  // of the cue. Since we are seeing content with invalid times in the field, we
  // are going to drop the cue instead of failing to package.
  //
  // For more context see:
  //   - https://www.w3.org/TR/webvtt1/#webvtt-cue-timings
  //   - https://github.com/google/shaka-packager/issues/335
  //   - https://github.com/google/shaka-packager/issues/425
  //
  // Print a warning so that those packaging content can know that their
  // content is not spec compliant.
  if (end_time <= start_time) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "WebVTT input is not spec compliant. Start time ("
                 << start_time << ") should be less than end time (" << end_time
                 << "). Skipping webvtt cue:"
                 << BlockToString(block, block_size);
    return true;
  }

  // The rest of time_and_style are the style tokens.
  TextSettings settings;
  for (size_t i = 3; i < time_and_style.size(); i++) {
    if (!settings.settings.empty()) {
      settings.settings += " ";
    }
    settings.settings += time_and_style[i];
  }

  // The rest of the block is the payload.
  TextFragment body;
  for (size_t i = 1; i < block_size; i++) {
    if (i > 1) {
      body.body += "\n";
    }
    body.body += block[i];
  }

  auto sample =
      std::make_shared<TextSample>(id, start_time, end_time, settings, body);
  return new_text_sample_cb_.Run(kStreamIndex, sample);
}

void WebVttParser::DispatchTextStreamInfo() {
  stream_info_dispatched_ = true;

  const int kTrackId = 0;
  // The resolution of timings are in milliseconds.
  const int kTimescale = 1000;
  // The duration passed here is not very important. Also the whole file
  // must be read before determining the real duration which doesn't
  // work nicely with the current demuxer.
  const int kDuration = 0;
  const char kWebVttCodecString[] = "wvtt";
  const int64_t kNoWidth = 0;
  const int64_t kNoHeight = 0;
  // The language of the stream will be overwritten by the Demuxer later.
  const char kNoLanguage[] = "";

  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<StreamInfo>> streams;
  streams.emplace_back(std::make_shared<TextStreamInfo>(
      kTrackId, kTimescale, kDuration, kCodecWebVtt, kWebVttCodecString,
      style_region_config_, kNoWidth, kNoHeight, kNoLanguage));
  init_cb_.Run(streams);
}

}  // namespace media
}  // namespace shaka